Inductive and Deductive Method of Mathematics Teaching

आगमन -निगमन विधियों की तुलना

 aagaman vidhi (inductive method)

kisee bhee samasya ka hal poorv gyaan,tark,vichaar evan soojh-boojh kee madad se aage badhakar khoja jaata hai. jab kabhee bhee ganit mein hamen kisee vidhi,sootr ya nootan niyamon ko padhana hota hai,tab aagaman vidhi ka prayog karate hai arthaat jab kabhee bhee kaksha mein ham baalakon ke saamane bahut se tathy,vastuen evan udaaharan prastut karate hain aur unheen ke dvaara nishkarsh gyaat karaane kee cheshta karate hain,tab ham us samay aagaman vidhi ka upayog karate hai. ganit mein sootron kee sthaapana is hee vidhi se kee jaatee hai

 1. shikshan sootron ka prayog 

• udaaharan se niyam kee or
• moort se amoort kee or 
• vishesh /vishisht se saamaany kee or 
• gyaat se agyaat kee or
•  sthool se sookshm kee or 
• pratyaksh se pramaan kee or

  shikshak kee sthiti

 adhyaapak ko adhik parikshram karane kee jaroorat padatee hai.

 chhaatr kee sthiti

 chhaatr svayan kee khoj ke roop mein sootr, niyam ya paribhaasha gyaat karata hai, vah sakriy rahata hai atah yah khoj karane kee vidhi hain.

1.  chhotee kakshaon ve chhote baalakon ke lie upayogee. 
2.  anusandhaan va khoj karane kee vidhi hai. 
3.  baalakon mein aatmavishvaas paida hota hai 
4. aagaman vidhi khoj ka maarg hai.
5.  aagaman vidhi mand gati vaalee vidhi hai.
6. aagaman vidhi manovaigyaanik vidhi hai. chhaatron mein vaigyaanik 
7.  drshtikon utpann karatee hain. 
8.  ratane kee pravrtti ka virodh karatee hai. 
9. seekhane mein samay adhik lagata hai. 

nigaman vidhi (deductive method)

nigaman vidhi vidyaarthiyon ke lie atyant saral hain. adhyaapak kaksha mein ganit ke prashnon ko hal karane se pahale hee unase sambandhit sootr, niyam va paribhaasha aadi ko bata deta hai evan usake aadhaar par prashn hal karata hain. isamen chhaatron ko ganana ke sivaay aur kuchh nahin karana padata hai. chhaatr niyam sootr ityaadi yaad kar lete hai. is vidhi mein saamaany se vishesh, niyam se udaaharan tatha sookshm se sthool kee or chalate hain.

 shikshan sootron ka prayog 

• niyam se udaaharan kee or
•  agyaat se gyaat kee or
•  amoort se moort kee or 
• saamaany se vishisht kee or
•  sookshm se sthool kee or 
• pramaan se pratyaksh kee or

  shikshak kee sthiti

nigaman vidhi shikshak ke lie aasaan hai.

chhaatr kee sthiti

chhaatr doosaron se niyam va paribhaasha praapt karata hain. atah chhaatr niyam kee pushti maatr karata hain.

1. bade baalakon va badee kakshaon ke lie upayogee .
2.  nireekshan va pahale se hee gyaat niyamon athava siddhaanton kee  
3. satyata kee pushti karata hain. 
4.  doosaron par aakshrit rahane ko baadhy karatee hai. 
5.  nigaman vidhi anukaran ka maarg hain.
6.   nigaman vidhi tej gati vaalee hain. 
7. nigaman vidhi manovaigyaanik vidhi nahin hain. 
8.  nigaman vidhi ratane ke lie baadhy karatee hain. 
9.  nigaman vidhi kam samay mein seekhee ja sakatee hain.

 nishkarsh

 donon vidhiyon ke tulanaatmak adhyayan se pata lagata hai ki donon ek-doosare kee virodhee vidhiyaan hain. aagaman-nigaman se uttam va laabhaprad vidhi hain. kintu vaastavikata yah hai ki donon ek-doosare kee poorak vidhiyaan hain